光学电流互感器传感头色散特性对系统灵敏度影响研究

以琼斯矩阵为数学工具,利用理论分析和计算机仿真的方法研究了块状玻璃光学电流互感器传感头的色散特性对系统灵敏度的影响,并进行了实验验证.在光学电流互感器系统中,光源的驱动电流与环境温度改变,都会造成光源峰值波长移动.而在传感头中主要是由单层保偏反射膜的反射相移、光学玻璃的Verdet常数以及光学玻璃内的线性双折射这三个因素的色散特性,使得光学电流互感器的灵敏度随光源波长的变化而改变.研究结果表明,这种色散特性会对输出曲线的尺度因子产生明显的影响.因此,光源的恒温控制与光源驱动电流的恒流控制是必要的.本研究结果可为光学电流互感器的研究设计人员提供有用的参考.     

光学电流互感器中线性双折射与法拉第效应的分离检测

分析了线性双折射对光学电流互感器(OCT)电压输出的影响,指出了差除和信号处理方案检测输出光信息的不完备性问题,用琼斯矩阵理论证明了差除和方案不能独立检测块状玻璃传感头中线性双折射的结论。提出了光学电流互感器的椭偏检测方案,从椭圆偏振光参量方程出发,推导了温致线性双折射、法拉第旋转角与输出椭圆偏振光椭率、倾角之间的解析式,证明了椭偏检测法对输出光信息检测的完备性,实现了温致线性双折射和待测电流的同时测量。为保证实时性,提出了输出椭圆光的三态检测方案,采用水平、垂直和45°三个偏振态的实时检偏,既克服了线性双折射的影响又实现了待测电流的实时测量,从检测原理上解决了温致线性双折射对光学电流互感器的影响。     

Output voltage regulation of a k15 mode piezoelectric transformer by an external L/C component

Smooth regulation of output voltage of piezoelectric transformers can significantly widen the application range of piezoelectric transformers. So far the driving frequency of piezoelectric transformers has been used to regulate the output voltage at a matching load. However, the regulation range of voltage gain achieved by the method is usually very narrow within the acceptable range of efficiency. In this work, we investigate the possibility to regulate the output voltage of a k₁₅ mode piezoelectric transformer by an external L/C component. The effects of an L/C component in series or parallel with the input and output ports on the voltage gain are investigated theoretically and experimentally. It is found that the voltage gain can be smoothly regulated in a relatively wide range by a tunable inductor that is in series with the input port. At a matching load of 80 Ω, the voltage gain can be regulated between 0.31 and 0.94 with efficiency larger than 90% and between 0.34 and 1.18 with efficiency about 80%. It is also found that a tunable capacitor in parallel or series with the output port can be used to regulate the voltage gain with efficiency higher than 90%.     

吹气对氮气火花隙开关重复频率运行性能的影响

 基于紧凑重复频率Tesla变压器实验平台,运用设计加工的紧凑型内部气流循环式火花隙开关,对吹气提高火花隙开关重复频率运行性能进行系统的实验研究,结果表明：重复频率小于50 Hz时,火花隙开关击穿电压不稳定度(RMS)小于5%,不需要吹气;在给定吹气速度下,火花隙开关重复频率运行存在临界重复频率;火花隙开关重复频率运行存在最佳吹气速度,且最佳吹气速度与重复频率之间满足线性关系,并可由实验确定;在优化吹气速度条件下,当气压处于0.7~1.5 MPa范围时,该火花隙开关击穿电压不稳定度(RMS)小于3%;在2.0 MPa的压强范围内,该吹气式火花隙开关可稳定工作至重复频率300 Hz,击穿电压400 kV。     

直线型脉冲变压器模块的响应特性

 介绍了短脉冲应用中磁芯的选取,设计了一台两路并联馈电的单模块直线型脉冲变压器驱动源（LTD）装置。在低压情况下测试了装置对不同脉宽信号的响应特性,在此基础上利用一级脉冲形成网络提供的输出阻抗约5 Ω,脉宽约3 μs的近似方波信号对装置进行了高压实验,得到了匹配负载情况下LTD次级上的输出电压波形,和脉冲形成网络的输出波形得到了很好的吻合。建立了相应的LTD电路模型,利用Laplace变换推导了模型对有限上升前沿脉冲的响应,证明了励磁电感偏小是造成实验中LTD装置输出电压幅值明显低于充电电压的主要原因,提出了改进方法并进行了实验验证。     

Fins and turbulence promoters for heat transfer enhancement in latent heat storage systems

One of the serious problems associated with the operation of PCM storage system is the heat transfer in and out of the element containing the PCM. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the effects of radial fins and turbulence promoters on the enhancement of phase change heat transfer external to a horizontal tube submersed in the PCM with the working fluid flowing through it. The experimental measurements were realized on a bare cupper tube and an identical cupper tube fitted with radial fins. The fins investigated are 40, 60, 120 and 180 mm diameters. A turbulence promoter made of stainless steel wire of 1.0 mm diameter coiled in a helical form with a pitch of 25.0 mm was inserted into the cupper tubes. The tests were realized on bare tubes, finned tubes and finned tubes with the turbulence promoter inserted into the finned tubes. The measurements were realized for the working fluid temperatures in the range of −10 °C, to −25 °C and six values of the mass flow rate ranging from 0.013 to 0.031 kg/s. The position of the phase interface was photographed by a high resolution digital camera and scanned to determine the real interface position by comparison with a precision measuring scale. The results of the phase interface position, velocity of the interface, solidified mass fraction and the time for complete solidification are presented in function of the working fluid temperature, the working fluid mass and the tube arrangements. The results are presented and discussed.     

应用超声光栅测量变压器油中超声波速度

近几十年来,由于压电换能原件效率的提高和低噪声的集成元件放大器的应用,超声波传感器在变压器的在线监测及局部放电检测中得到广泛的应用．准确测量变压器油中超声波的传播速度,对变压器局部放电检测研究具有非常重要的意义．根据超声波在液体中传播时能够形成超声光栅的特点,介绍了一种应用分光计精确测量变压器油中超声波速度的方法．实验测得29．3℃时变压器油中超声波速度为1432m／s,与超声手册中标准值符合得很好,相对误差仅为0．5％．该方法有助于提高变压器在线监测及局部放电检测的精确度．     

三导体螺旋脉冲形成线的输出特性

 采用横电磁波传输理论,分析了三导体螺旋脉冲形成线（PFL）（包含内筒、螺旋中筒和外筒）的脉冲形成过程,给出了螺旋PFL的波阻抗、慢波系数、输出脉冲的平顶波动幅度等特征参数的计算公式。研究表明:三导体螺旋PFL具有与螺旋传输线同样的波阻抗和慢波系数;螺旋PFL的输出脉冲平顶波动,随着慢波系数或负载阻抗的增大而减小。     

延时效应对直线变压器电子束源的影响

 从长脉冲直线变压装置故障试验出发,对其波形顶部展宽、前沿变短现象进行了分析。利用电流传导理论,探讨了波叠加延迟效应。通过3维仿真分析,得到了不同时序激励的输出波形。结果表明：靠近二极管端单元为首模块时,开关触发延时与波叠加传输延迟可相互抵消,实现波形优化目标。     

一种抗电源干扰电路的设计方法

介绍一种采用隔离变压器加上电子开关及相应的控制电路组成的抗电源干扰电路。